Basic & Advanced Rules

Some games offer basic rules or “quickstart” sample rules to provide a taste of the essential mechanics behind gameplay; in some cases these rules are simplified from the more advanced, “full” game, but in many they represent the essential core elements required to play a meaningful game. This approach remains a great way not only to sell games to new gamers but for those gamers to more easily introduce games to their friends through the basic rules.


My recent acquisition of yet another game including both basic and advanced rules prompted me to ponder the benefits of such presentation, particularly when introducing a game to a new audience and those not yet familiar with the adventure gaming hobby

As both a player and a game designer I’ve long admired this approach as an effective means of presenting a new game to established gamers and introducing newcomers to the adventure gaming hobby. The strategy helps newcomers overcome the often daunting feeling that they must master all the rules in a game before playing, instead offering a basic or quick-start version that overcomes that hurdle and gets them playing the game as soon as possible. It represents a thoughtful refinement of a game that its essentials can fit into a basic version and yet can provide even deeper gameplay and a more fulfilling play experience through the application of advanced rules once players have mastered the basics. The model also enables a preview marketing strategy; a publisher can offer the basic rules for free, as a teaser of the core mechanics to tempt players to purchase the more deeply developed advanced version. Even as an adult, especially one with limited time and focus, I really like having basic rules to give me a feel for the game and play it out fully; advanced rules give me tidbits to enhance the basic rules if I can easily understand them and feel they augment my gameplay.

In another online venue I mentioned several games using basic and advanced rules I liked, but I want to focus on a few I felt did that extremely well and consider why they appeal so much to me:

Wings of War: Dawn of World War II (since reincarnated as Wings of Glory WWII): I’ve talked about this game before and admire its simple mechanics of card play on the game surface to simulate World War II dogfights. The basic rules cover the bare minimum to enjoy a game: movement, shooting, and damage. Advanced rules add more technicalities, including altitude, special damage, and bombing runs. The intuitive card-based system for moving and the assumption that anything within range takes fire (though with variable damage results) makes for a fast and easy-to-learn game; the advanced rules add options any solid wargamer would expect but that aren’t integral to enjoying the basic game. The full-color rulebook also includes plenty of illustrative diagrams demonstrating the essential principles of play.

Sirocco& Red Storm Rising: A desert-warfare strategy battle game simulating the World War II conflict between Patton and Rommel in North Africa, Siroccoteaches the core concepts of movement and combat in the basic rulebook, while adding a host of optional rules for terrain, range, command, supply, and troop quality -- plus several scenarios -- in the “Masters” rulebook. Simulating a hypothetical Warsaw Pact invasion of West Germany against defending NATO forces (as depicted in the Tom Clancy novel of the same name), Red Storm Rising offers some very concise yet intuitive division-level wargame mechanics in the basic rulebook with many more complex yet realistic options to add in the advanced rules. Both games include separate booklets for the basic and expert rules and include nicely illustrated map-boards. Sirocco uses plastic pieces shaped like military units (perfect for wargaming newcomers), while Red Storm Rising uses cardboard chits in plastic stands (for the fog of war mechanic) with only one essential combat value on the piece to avoid intimidating new players. Both games come from the late 1980s when TSR released such fare in an attempt to broaden their audience with “easy to learn” wargames that could appeal to more seasoned gamers with advanced rules.

Star Frontiers: The basic rulebook in the boxed set offers a stripped-down character creation process (eliminating skills and a host of other details) with the basics of task resolution, combat, vehicle chases, and equipment, all put to the test in a programmed-format solitaire tutorial adventure (a personal favorite of mine for introducing roleplaying game rules) and a more freeform group scenario using included location maps and character/creature counters. The expert booklet serves as the full rules set expanding on the introductory booklet’s rules and setting foundation. The game’s basic and expert rules booklets did a far better job of introducing roleplaying game concepts than the Basic and Expert D&D game rules, albeit the science fiction setting wasn’t as popular as dungeon delving.

[Basic & Expert Dungeons & Dragons: I’m hesitant to mention Basic/Expert D&D in this list (hence the bracketed text) because, though it employs the similar “basic” and “advanced” designation in its titles, the game remains far too complex and introduces to many concepts essential to roleplaying games to really fit my more concise ideal for a basic/advanced set-up. The advancement of the “expert” set simply reflects its expansion of the levels (and hence challenges and rewards) more experienced characters can attain; however, the games did introduce many newcomers to the fantasy roleplaying game hobby in the 1980s, arguably the “Golden Age of Roleplaying.” It offered an elegant explanation of roleplaying (which I discussed in a past Hobby Games Recce post) and thus in my view deserves some honorable mention.]

Practicalities in Projects

How does this admiration for basic and advanced rules affect my approaches to current projects? I’ve carefully balanced the urge to take this approach with the nature of each product I’m designing -- it’s not appropriate for every game -- and decided this approach might work best on two projects intended to introduce young and new gamers to aspects of the adventure gaming hobby: miniature wargames and traditional medieval fantasy roleplaying games.

The Miniatures Wargame: I’m dabbling with a simplified miniatures wargame for kids with a World War II tank warfare theme, with the intent of introducing kids to some wargaming basics without overwhelming them with the intense yet often enjoyable accuracy of other immensely popular systems like Flames of War. The essential game mechanics exist and have undergone some playtesting. I’m looking to develop a basic rulebook containing the bare-bones yet playable system followed by an advanced rules set with options kids can add to enhance their play experience to reflect more generally accepted elements of miniatures wargames, including close range bonuses, terrain and obstacles, anti-tank artillery, minefields, veteran crews, objectives, command distance. While I expect I’d present the advanced options in a standard rulebook format, I’d like to offer summaries of each option as a half- or quarter-page reference card players could put on the gaming table as a reminder of what additional rules are in play. This is clearly a case of the egotistical game designer thinking he can do better than the myriad offerings in the field ranging from homegrown rules to well-established hobby games. About the only one that adopts the basic/advanced rules presentation is the Axis & Allies Miniatures Game, which unfortunately relies on the collectable nature of the miniatures and has minimal support from manufacturer Wizards of the Coast.

The Fantasy Roleplaying Game Project: Offering a full roleplaying game in both basic and advanced rules presents some challenges on the basic end, considering all the myriad and sometimes complicated elements such a game requires. I intend to create a fantasy roleplaying game combining elements appealing to old-school-renaissance gamers as well as those seeking to introduce kids (10 and up or so) to such games (despite the recent prevalence of such products). As I began developing elements of the game to present to playtesters I found myself relying on my favorite “solitaire tutorial adventure” model: offering some flavor text to define the setting and situation followed by enough basic task/combat resolution rules to run encounters, then a “programmed” scenario demonstrating those rules. While such an adventure presentation could certainly serve as a promotional piece showcasing elements of the game, it’s far from even a “quick-start” version of the full rules. I envision most of the easy-to-play elements in the basic rules will evolve in the design, writing, and presentation of the rules themselves, keeping an eye on being clear and concise. I regret I’m falling back on the Basic/Expert D&D model where the “expert” version simply expands the character advancement opportunities (including additional powers, new monsters, and more magical items/treasure).

I’ll see how these approaches work out as both games receive more development as time allows. While the tank miniatures game percolates on the back burner of my mind (even as I write this I’m devising new ways to further streamline the mechanics), I’m actively developing and playtesting the fantasy roleplaying game. I’m hoping some early stage playtesting offers some guidance in the mechanics and presentation.

Used Game Win: Red Storm Rising

I recently picked up a copy of TSR’s old Red Storm Rising wargame -- based on the Tom Clancy novel of the same name -- at a local thrift store for a whopping $2. Granted, the side of the box top was somewhat torn and crunched in one place, but it seems it still contained the pieces, stands, dice, rulebooks, and the enormous 36 x 22-inch mounted board depicting West Germany and a bit of East Germany.

Published in 1989, the Red Storm Rising game appeared at a time when TSR was dabbling in low-complexity wargames intended to introduce wargaming to a new audience (while maintaining a huge publication schedule across many different roleplaying game lines). The company somehow managed to a license with Tom Clancy through “Jack Ryan Enterprises” to publish two games based on his novels, Red Storm Rising and The Hunt for Red October (1988). Games like Sirocco, simulating World War II action in North Africa, also come from this period and design philosophy. Douglas Niles -- a prolific TSR author, novelist, and game designer -- designed both Clancy games and co-designed Sirocco. The Red Storm Rising game won the 1989 Origins Awards for Best Modern-Day Boardgame and Best Graphic Presentation of a Boardgame. Whether or not the philosophy of low-complexity wargames brought anyone new to the hobby or increased interest in board wargames, TSR’s efforts produced some fine games that still hold up over time, especially to those like me who enjoy dabbling in both board and miniature wargames.

I remember seeing ads for both Clancy-based games in the late, lamented Dragon Magazine; back then I had no experience with wargames and found the concept interesting, though the period and theme didn’t resonate with me. I’m not a huge fan of modern boardgames depicting speculative scenarios of Soviet Bloc countries invading NATO countries through West Germany. I’m an American of German descent who, when allowed, takes pride in his cultural heritage. I also came of age during the 1980s amid the Cold War fear of total nuclear war that coalesced in the popular media around such apocalyptic television events as The Day After. While I’ve seen many of the Jack Ryan movies based on Clancy’s novel, I still only really enjoy The Hunt for Red October for its tight storyline and brilliant performances, primarily from Sean Connery and Alec Baldwin (the quintessential Jack Ryan in my book). The only Tom Clancy book I’ve read was his non-fiction Carrier: A Guided Tour of an Aircraft Carrier (1999), well-written and extremely informative.

Game Design Points

Despite my thematic reservations about the game, I found the Red Storm Rising rules incorporate a number of low-complexity wargame concepts that appeal to me. Frequent readers know I’m an advocate of introducing newcomers to various adventure gaming pursuits through games that balance basic rules with a potential for additional complexity and engaging gameplay. The rules concepts in Red Storm Rising cover all these bases, offering a taste of board wargaming that includes many essential elements.

Basic & Advanced Rules: Like many TSR “easy to learn” wargames of this period, the game comes with two booklets containing basic and advanced rules. The basic game covers the essentials to play out the Cold War invasion of West Germany scenario, while the advanced rules adds extra levels of complexity players can add all at once or in bits and pieces.

Award-Winning Presentation: While by today’s standards one might wonder why the game won the Origins award for Best Graphic Presentation of a Boardgame, for its time Red Storm Rising’s board and components stood out. Having the creative force of TSR’s stable of artists helped; names like Dave LaForce and David C. Sutherland, III, appear in the game’s credits. The board is huge and nicely rendered, though nothing beats masses of pieces, each on its own plastic stand to enable the game’s secret deployment mechanics.

Secret Deployment: Counters don’t sit flat on the board for everyone to see…they sit vertically in stands with one side containing unit information for the controlling player and the other showing a colored NATO or Warsaw Pact logo to the opponent. Although players reveal combat values for pieces during engagements, they don’t always know if they’re facing infantry or armored units (which can break through to take territory from retreating units).

Area Movement: The huge map doesn’t use hexes or squares to regulate movement like many other wargames, but divides the terrain into various-sized sections covering far more distance than hexes might, essential for dealing with the extensive border between West Germany and Warsaw Pact countries.

Simple Combat Resolution: The game uses a basic system to resolve combat between two adjacdent pieces. To hit a player must roll equal to or lower than the attacking unit’s combat value on a d10 (with most pieces at 3, 4, or 5); rolling the number exactly forces the target unit to retreat (or take one hit if it can’t retreat), rolling below causes one hit, and rolling a one destroys units if their combat value is less than or equal to the attacker’s. The single roll determines both hit and damage results.

Many low-complexity wargame concepts in Red Storm Rising could easily find their way into “easy to learn” board wargames covering other periods. After reading the basic rules and bits of the advanced my restless brain started working out how one might use similar mechanics to simulate other divisional-level action in modern wargames, particularly for World War II (one of my period interests). Overall it’s a solid rules set for simulating modern, strategic action across a broad front.

Used Game Win

I’ve added Red Storm Rising to my “trophy wall” of used-yet-classic gaming treasures I’ve found through the years:

* As a kid I acquired two treasures from neighborhood yard sales: a worn paperback copy of Edgar Rice Burroughs’ Savage Pellucidar which fueled my nascent interest in fantasy fiction; and a rare boxed board game version of The Royal Game of Ur.

* Occasional sweeps through the local “junk” store over the years uncovered a spare copy of the amazing, Mensa-award-winning Pirateer board game, and a second edition AD&D Forgotten Realms Campaign Setting boxed set (into which the proprietors had tossed other gaming modules and supplements cluttering up the shelves).

* I found a still-shrink-wrapped copy of TSR’s Sirocco (mentioned above) at a local religious school’s children’s consignment sale fundraiser (don’t ask me how it ended up there amid all the toddler toys and baby outfits).

* At a local Democratic party tag sale fundraiser I recently bought a circular Celtic chess game called Noble Celts, still in the shrink wrap and complete with large faux leather board and resin pieces cast like Norse warriors.

I still suppress the urge to pull over every time I see a sign for a yard sale. I constantly debate whether checking the local thrift stores for gaming treasures is a waste of time and an invitation to disappointment. I’m encouraged -- and sometimes inspired -- when I find something that appeals to me as much as Red Storm Rising.